Around 1785, Murdoch developed his oscillating steam engine. It was more compact than older engines, as the piston drove the flywheel directly instead of using a beam. Oscillating engines became widely used, especially on steam ships, and many other engineers built them.

Murdoch devised other engine improvements. His 'sun-and-planet' gear made James Watt's rotative steam engines capable of driving many different industries. Murdoch's productive mind created new 'slide' valves and even iron cement.

What other schemes did Murdoch develop?