The Science and Art of Medicine

Russell type urine test case, containing: one urinometer and hydrometer, two bottles, two books of litmus paper, two spirit lamps and one test tube. Manufactured by Allen and Hanbury, London

• Russell urine test case, with a urinometer, c.1900.

This type of vaginal specula has four blades and was invented by Meadows. It is made out of steel and was constructed by S. Maw Son and Thompson of London, England. Once the speculum had been inserted into the vagina the four blades could be spread o

• Vaginal speculum, 1870-1901.

Fauvel laryngoscope with two laryngeal examination mirrors, a plate, and brush, all in leather case, by Henry Galante of Paris. This instrument was designed to be mounted on the chimney of an oil lamp.

• Laryngoscope, late 19th century

Haemadynamometer, in case by Hawksley, English

• Haemodynamometer, c 1900.

Combined percussor and pleximeter, in case, Sibson type

• Sibson type combined percussor and pleximeter, c 1860.

Bone and metal percussor and ivory and metal pleximeter, cased.

• percussor and pleximeter, 19th century.

Apparatus for continuous intra-muscular infusion of penicillin, by Willen Bros. of London, designed by C. E. Last

• Apparatus for continuous intra-muscular infusion of penicillin, c. 1950s.

Earthenware albarello, glazed, Persian, 12th century

• Persian pharmacy jar, 12th century.

These lancets belonged to Edward Jenner (1749-1823). In 1796 Edward Jenner (1749-1823) used a lancet to introduce fluid from a cowpox sore through a person's skin, in order to inoculate them against smallpox, a similar but more dangerous disease. He

• Lancets, late 18th-early 19th century.

Dotting machine, for testing accident-proneness in industrial workers. This device was used by psychologists May Smith and Millais Culpin of the Industrial Fatigue Research Board; a body originally set up to study the health of munitions workers dur

• Dotting machine, English, 1918-1926.